Paper-bag machine



UNIRE STATS. PATENT CFFICE.

HORATIO G. ARMSTRONG, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PAPER-BAG- MACHINE.

Speccation of Letters Patent No. 30,191, dated October 2, 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, I-IoRA'rIo G. ARM- STRONG, of the city and county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and Improved Machine for Making Paper-Bags; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and eXact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing and to thc characters of reference marked thereon.

My invention consists, first, in the employment of an upper and lower knife with edges arranged in respect to each other substantially as described hereafter in combination with a striker for the purpose of severing with rapidity and precision, from a continuous fold of paper, pieces to be formed into bags; secondly, in combining with the upper and lower knives and striker certain rollers for retaining the outer end of the folded paper during the action of the said striker; thirdly, in certain rollers so combined with the blade around which the paper is folded and furnished withA a collar or collars so arranged in respect to openings in the blade, that the latter cannot be disturbed by the action of the rollers as fully explained hereafter; fourthly, in certain horizontal rollers and guide blocks so arranged in respect to the above mentioned blade as to turn the paper over the same; fifthly, in a plate with certain project-ions so arranged as to insure the pasted edge of the paper taking its place beneath the unpasted edge; siXthly, in a device for pasting one edge of the paper.

In order to enable others to make and use my invention I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation.

On reference to the accompanying drawing, which forms a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side view of my machine for making paper bags; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section of the same; Fig. 3, a ground plan; Fig. 4, a detached sectional view of the front end of the machine drawn to an enlarged scale; Fig. 5, a view (full size) of the serrated knives for cutting the bags; Fig. 6, a view illustrating the mode of sevcring the folded paper, and Fig. 7, an end view of one of the bags.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The frame of the machine consists of two longitudinal beams A A, connected together at suitable points by transverse bars and supported by legs B B. To this frame is secured the platform or table C having at one end two standards D and D which have recesses for receiving the journals of the spindles E and F the former of which carries the roller a and ratchet wheel b, the spindle F having two conical sliding collars, by means of which the roll of paper to be formed into bags is adjusted to and rel tained in its proper position on the spindle. The ratchet wheel turns in a trough Z resting on the platform C the said trough containing the paste for cementing the edges of the paper together. A roller Cr, having a rounded taper from the middle toward its opposite ends, turns freely in projections e e on the platform C.

II is a guide consisting of a thin strip of wood or other suitable material with parallel sides and slightly rounded edges this guide being suspended by yokes z. and z' at just such a height above the platform as to allow the paper to pass through the intervening space, without creating unnecessary friction.

J and J are guide blocks attached to the platform C one on each side and near the edge of the blade N, there being space sufficient to allow the paper to pass freely between the said blade and blocks. In front of the latter and turning on pins attached to the platform C are the two horizontal rollers or disks K and K one roller being arranged to overlap one side and the other roller to overlap the opposite side of the plate or blade N of thin steel which is secured to and forms a continuation of the suspended guide H. To the guide block J is secured a plate L having two projections Z, Z the objeEct of which will be rendered apparent heiea ter.

M is a roller turning freely in suitable bearings in the frame of the machine and serving to support the blade N and to maintain it at a proper height above the platform C for the free passage of the paper between the said blade and platform. The outer end of this blade is serrated and sharpened so as to form the edge of the upper knife shown at Y in thefull-sized view, Fig. 5, the under knife which issecured to the frame of the machine immediately below the upper knife having also a serrated and sharpened end shown at X, Fig. 4L, which represents the form and the proper position of the knives in respect to each other. The blade N Aio passes between the two rollers Q and Q which are geared together so as to revolve simultaneously in boxes m and m secured to the frame of the machine, said boxes being furnished with set screws by means of which the surface of the upper roller may be pressed against that of the lower roller with more or less force. It will be observed on reference to Fig. 3 that the upper roller Q has two collars n, n, and that the blade N has two oblong slots at a point immediately beneath and for the admission of these collars, so that the action of the rollers cannot disturb the blade.

P is the driving shaft turning in the opposite sides of the frame, and furnished at one end with a handled fly wheel p or other suitable driving apparatus and at the opposite end with a cog wheel O which gears into a pinion R on the roller Q and also into a wheel S which turns on a pin attached to the frame, and which gears into a pinion T on the spindle of the roller U the latter turning in suitable boxes g and g secured to the frame of the machine. Below this roller is another roller V turning on a pinion secured to the framework and furnished with bands u u of gum elastic or other suitable material which bear against the upper roller U. To the last named roller is attached the striker Ze which consists of a bar of the form represented in Fig. 3, where its position in respect to the knives will also be observed. Another bar t is secured to the frame at a point between the end of the knives and the rollers U and V for an object which will be shown hereafter.

lV W are two guide blocks secured to the platform C one on each side of the blade N, to which they are just close enough to allow the paper to pass between them and the blade.

In preparing the above described machine for operation, a roll of paper of the desired width is secured in a proper position on the spindle F. The end of the roll is then passed over the roller a and the adjacent ratchet wheel Z) thence under the guide H and blade N up each side of which it is turned at the point where the blocks J 2 J are situated, the upturned edge passing beneath the horizontal rollers K and K', care being taken that at this point one edge of the paper shall pass above the projection Z and the opposite end beneath the projection Z of the plate L for a purpose described hereafter. From the rollers K and K the paper is drawn forward, passed between the guide blocks W W and beneath the plate Z thence between the rollers Q and Q pastthe edge Y of the upper knife beneath the guide bar t and between the rollers U and V when the machine is ready to be put` in operation by turning the driving shaft P and causing the striker and several rollers to revolve in the direction pointed out by the arrows Fig. 4. By the action of the rollers Q and Q the paper is drawn gradually from the roll on the spindle F and over the roller a one edge of the paper passing in contact with the periphery of the ratchet wheel ZJ and receiving from the latter the paste it has withdrawn from the trough CZ. This paste is not deposited in a uniform layer on the edge of the paper but at intervals the distance between which corresponds to that' between the teeth of the wheels. The object of this arrangement will be explained hereafter.

The roller Gr by its peculiar form tends to bend the opposite edges of the paper upward to a limited extent, the upturned edges being further bent by passing between the blocks J J and the edges of the blade N, and the bent ends being folded down by being drawn beneath the horizontal rollers K and K, after passing which point the paper conipletely surrounds the blade N. As the machine continues its movements the paper with one edge overlapping the other is drawn between the guide blocks XV "W which serve to give a more definite finish to the fold, while the plate K by its weight alone serves to press the pasted to the unpasted fold. The paper thus pasted is pushed forward by the action of the rollers Q and Q along the blade N and over the edge Y'of the upper knife which forms the termination of the blade thence beneath the guide bar t toward the rollers U and V beneath which it is held as the revolving striker Zc descends upon the paper with a rapid stroke and causes the knives to sever it at the desired point the severed piece being drawn between therrollers U and V and discharged into any suitable receptacle. The bag is thus completed with the exception of the folding down and cementing of one end. This operation is continued as the machine revolves the combined action of the striker and knives severing the pieces from the con' tinuous foldof paper with great rapidity and precision. This combined action of the knives and striker will be best observed on reference to the diagram, Fig. 6, in which Y represents the edge of the uppenknife and X that of the lower knife as Fig. 5, 2 representing the upper fold and 3 the lower fold of the paper and t the striker which has descended on the paper and is in the act of causing the upper knife to sever the upper fold prior to the lower fold being severed by the lower knife.

As the serrated edge Y of the upper knife is rounded and projects beyond the serrated edge of the lower knife, as shown in Fig. 4, it is evident that the ends of each severed piece will assume the form represented in Fig. 7 one side projecting beyond the other. It is this projecting side which is folded down and pasted so as to form the closed end of the bag the projecting side at the opposite end of the bag affording facilities for opening the same for the introduction of yhatever articles have to be deposited in the It will be seen on reference to the red lines F ig. 3, which indicate the direction taken and form assumed by the paper as it passes through the machine thatl the pasted edge of the paper passes under the projection Z of the plate L and the unpasted edge over the projection Z of the same plate. But for these guiding projections the pasted edge of the paper might overlap the unn pasted edge prior to the depression of one fold on to the other by the action of the horizontal rollers K and K.

In pasting the edge of the paper preparatory to folding the saine over the blade N a continuous layer of paste has been found to warp the paper thereby prevent-ing it from passing through the machine with that uniformity which the nature of the operation demands. By depositing the paste in small quantities at repeated intervals this warping is avoided hence the employment of the ratchet or notched wheel By the pressure imparted to the folded edges of the paper as it passes beneaththe plate Z and between the rollers Q, and Q the dots of paste deposited by the ratchet wheel are spread out so as to form a continuous joint.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The employment for severing the folded paper of the upper and lower knives with their edges X and Y arranged in respect to each other substantially as setforth in combination with the revolving striker Zt or its equivalent.

2. In combination with the said knives and striker the rollers U and V for retaining the' end of the folded paper during the operation of the striker.

3. The rollers Q and Q in combination with the blade N the upper roller having one or more collars n n so arranged in respect to openings in the blade that the action of the rollers on the folded paper cannot interfere with the said blade as set forth.

t. The horizontal rollers K and K and the guide blocks .I and J arranged in respect to each other and to the blade N substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

5. The plate L with its projections Z and Z or their equivalents arranged and operating as set forth for the purpose specified.

6. Causing one edge of the paper to traverse in contact with a ratchet or notched wheel Z) arranged to revolve in a trough containing the paste as set forth for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HGRATIO G. ARMSTRONG.

Witnesses HENRY HowsoN, JOHN WHITE. 

